In nursing, what does "NPO" mean?

"NPO" stands for "Nothing by mouth," which is a medical abbreviation used in nursing and healthcare contexts. This directive indicates that a patient should not consume any food or drink for a specified period, often before surgery or certain medical tests. The rationale behind this protocol is to prevent aspiration or complications during sedation and to ensure that the digestive system is clear of contents, particularly when anesthesia is involved. Understanding this abbreviation is crucial for healthcare providers to ensure patient safety and adhere to preoperative and procedural guidelines.